The visit to Russia by Ángel Pestaña, the delegate of the Spanish syndicalist confederation of labour, CNT (Confederación Nacional del Trabajo), in 1920 ended with one of the early negative political assessments of the development of Soviet Russia. The visit gained its significance from the fact that Pestaña himself made public his impressions after his return. This was to make a decisive contribution to a negative image of the soviet development within international syndicalism and specifically to lead to the break of the CNT with Moscow. He had made a first report on his actions as representative of his organisation, and its introduction was marked “Barcelona prison, November 1921”, but it was probably not published until the beginning of 1922. This was followed soon afterwards by a moreanalytical text in which he concerned himself with a theoretical discussion of the bases of the Bolshevik revolution.